To assess the correlation of imaging studies X-ray and CT-Scan of para nasal sinuses in clinically selected sinusitis patients from outpatient department of ENT at civil hospital Karachi

Objective: Objective of this study is to assess the correlation of imaging studies X-ray and CT-Scan of Para nasal sinuses in clinically selected sinusitis patients from outpatient department of ENT at Civil Hospital Karachi. Study Design: Observational study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in the department of ENT at Civil Hospital Karachi from 01 Aug2009to31 July 2010

Materials and Methods: After taking a inform consent sinusitis patients initially thoroughly clinically examined in ENT out patients department than referred to radiology department for imaging evaluation at Civil Hospital Karachi

This study comprises of 95 patients of both sexes who presented with acute and chronic sinusitis

Results: In our study we assessed 95 patients of both sex with acute and chronic sinusitis, selected on clinical basis and finally correlated by radiologically

Out of 95 patients 43 patients who clinically suspected of having acute sinusitis sent to radiology department to correlate our finding both by X-ray PNS and CT-Scan. X-ray PNS showed imaging findings of acute sinusitis in 26[60%] patients while 17 patients were having normal X-ray PNS. When CT-Scan was performed to correlate the findings, it showed 30[69%] patients were having acute sinusitis while 13 patients had no imaging findings of acute sinusitis. When clinically suspected of chronic sinusitis of 52 patients were radiologically investigated, out of those, in whom X-ray PNS shows chronic sinusitis in 26[54%] patients and 22 patients are having normal X- ray PNS. But when CT-Scan performed in these patients it depicted 33[68%] patients were having chronic sinusitis and 15 patients were having normal imaging. Out of these 52 patients, 4 patients refused for any radiological investigation

Conclusion: Previously X-ray of nose and Para nasal sinuses was considered mainstay to rule out of various pathologies but now have been replaced by high-resolution CT scan and MRI

Plain radiographs of various angles can be used as a useful tool for diagnosis of acute and chronic sinusitis patients which are difficult to rule out clinically where the CT- scan facility is not available whereas CT-Scan is the only modality of choice and considered as a [gold standard] imaging of nose and Para nasal sinuses in acute and chronic sinusitis and guides the surgeon with important information of the osteomeatal complex, sphenoid, ethmoid sinuses status and other normal anatomical landmark or any variations, preoperatively. Key Words: CT- scan of nose and PNS, X-rays PNS, Para nasal sinuses, Sinusitis

To assess the accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology [FNAC] for diagnosis of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodule at civil hospital Karachi

Objective: To assess the accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology [FNAC] for the diagnosis of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodule

Study Design:Observational / Descriptive study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in the department of otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery at Civil Hospital Karachi from January 2007 to July 2008

Materials and Methods: This study comprises of 70 cases in one and half years. We have included all cases of solitary nodule of either sex more than 10 years and excluded those patients who were exposed to radiation or underwent any sort of neck surgery previously. All Patients with solitary thyroid nodule were investigated with routine hematological and biochemical tests, thyroid profile, thyroid Scan, ultra sound neck and FNAC in outpatient department. At admission all risks/benefits of surgical procedures were explained to patients. Postoperative histopathological report of specimen was compared with preoperative fine needle aspiration cytology

Results: In our 70 cases study 59 patients were diagnosed with benign and 11 with malignant disease. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy was also recorded which were 72.72%, 99.20% and 94.20% respectively. Papillary carcinoma was found most common tumor in 63.63%

Conclusion: FNAC is valuable investigation for the preoperative assessment of solitary thyroid nodule and also has high diagnostic accuracy in its evaluation

Cholesteatoma clinical outcome and complications: a study on patients with chronic ear disease

To identify the clinical behaviour and consequences of cholesteatoma and to formulate a strategy for achieving early diagnosis, appropriate management and avoidance of all the grave complications. Hospital based descriptive type of study. This study was conducted in Shahina Jamil Hospital from April 2011 to Dec 2012. 40 patients of any age and gender were included in the study. The age, gender, socio-economic status and complications like hearing loss, facial nerve paralysis, intracranial spread, labyrinthitis, mastoid fistula and ossicular chain status were recorded and analyzed. We found that 62.5% were male and 37.5% were female.75% of the patients belong to rural areas and 25% belong to urban areas. All the patients [100%] presented with ear discharge and hearing loss. Ossicles were found intact in all patients. Labyrinthitis was the most common complication [37.5%]. It was found that cholesteatoma was frequent among poor, male and young patients leading to necrosis of the ossicles in all patients. Labyrinthitis, mastoid fistula and intracranial spread were common complication

Frequency of hepatitis a in patients with acute hepatitis in abbottabad

To investigate the frequency of hepatitis [A] in patients with acute hepatitis. Retrospective study. This study was carried out at Shahina Jamil Teaching Hospital Abbottabad from March 2006 to February 2008. The study included all acute hepatitis patients who visited the ShahinaJamil Hospital Abbottabad. Various viral markers were used to establish the diagnosis of acute hepatitis that included anti HAV IgM, HBsAg, anti HCV and anti HEV IgM. Liver function tests were also done. A total of 125 patients with acute hepatitis visited the out patient department of S.J. Hospital Abbottabad during the study period. The specific etiologic diagnosis could be made in 88 [70.4%] patients. Hepatitis [A] was found in 33[26.4%], HBV in 19[15.2%], HCV in 6[4.8%], and HEV in 30[24.0% patients. The mean age of the patients with HAV infection was significantly younger than patients with HBV,HCV and HEV. The present study showed that hepatitis A is one of the common type of viral hepatitis and can be controlled easily with improving sanitation and water distribution and personal hygiene

Diathermy versus ligation for hemostasis in tonsillectomy - a study on postoperative pain and hemorrhage

To assess the difference between suture ligation and diathermy techniques of tonsillectomy in our setting and to select a better and safer haem procedure for tonsillectomy. Single blind comparative interventional type of study. This study was conducted in Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur and Shahina Jamil Hospital Abbottabad from 1[st] March 2010 to 31[st] January 2011. 80 patients were divided into suture ligation and diathermy groups and their postoperative pain and bleeding rates were compared and analyzed. We found that the difference in results of hemostasis between ligation and diathermy was statistically significant in terms of postoperative pain. Regarding postoperative haemorrhage, the difference between diathermy and ligation was non-significant. It is concluded that in our set up, tonsillectomy hemostasis with diathermy was a better and safer technique comparing ligation especially in terms of postoperative pain